Pressure Injury Prevention: A Survey

Pressure injuries are caused by prolonged pressure to an area of the body, which can result in open wounds that descend to the bone. Pressure injuries should not occur in healthcare settings, and yet, they still affect 2.5 million patients in the United States and have an impact on quality of life....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE reviews in biomedical engineering 2020, Vol.13, p.352-368
Main Authors: Mansfield, Sam, Obraczka, Katia, Roy, Shuvo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Biomedical monitoring
Clinical trials
Electrical stimuli
Guidelines
Health care
Inertial platforms
Injuries
Injury prevention
Internet of Things
medical treatment
Monitoring
Nursing
Polls & surveys
Pressure
Prevention
Quality of life
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Sensors
Skin
Strain
Visual perception
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Summary:Pressure injuries are caused by prolonged pressure to an area of the body, which can result in open wounds that descend to the bone. Pressure injuries should not occur in healthcare settings, and yet, they still affect 2.5 million patients in the United States and have an impact on quality of life. Pressure injuries come at a cost of 11 billion in the United States, and 90% of pressure injuries are a secondary condition. In this paper, we survey the literature on preventative techniques to address pressure injures, which we classify into two categories: active prevention strategies and sensor-based risk-factor monitoring. Within each category of techniques, we discuss the literature and assess each class of strategies based on its commercial availability, results of clinical trials when available, the ability for the strategy to save time for healthcare staff, and whether the technique can be tuned to an individual. Based on our findings, the most promising current solutions, supplementary to nursing guidelines, are electrical stimulation, pressure monitoring, and inertial measurement unit monitoring. We also find a need for a clinical software system that can easily integrate with custom sensors, use custom analysis algorithms, and provide visual feedback to the healthcare staff.
ISSN:1937-3333
1941-1189
DOI:10.1109/RBME.2019.2927200