Familial and non-familial risk factors associated with incidence of colorectal cancer in young and middle-aged persons in Western Australia

• Published in: Cancer epidemiology 2019-10, Vol.62, p.101591-101591, Article 101591
• Main Authors: Kelty, Erin, Ward, Sarah V, Cadby, Gemma, McCarthy, Nina S, O’Leary, Peter, Moses, Eric K, Ee, Hooi C., Preen, David B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol; Appendicitis; Cancer; Cohort Studies; Colon; Colonoscopy; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal carcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology; Diabetes; Early Detection of Cancer - methods; Epidemiology; Family history; Family medical history; Female; Genetics; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Hospitals; Humans; Identification methods; Incidence; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Intestine; Liver cancer; Liver diseases; Male; Mass Screening; Middle age; Middle Aged; Midwifery; Patients; Polyps; Population; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Screening; Smoking; Western Australia; Young; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1877-7821; 1877-783X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101591

•Many risk factors associated with CRC are similar in young and middle-aged persons.•Inflammatory bowel disease, liver disease and non-CRC cancer increase the risk of CRC.•Diabetes was only associated with an increased risk of CRC in middle-aged patients. The aim of this study was to examine factors including family history, medical history and comorbidities associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young (18–49 years) and middle-age (50–69 years) individuals. State records were used to identify individuals born in Western Australia between 1945 and 1996, and their first-degree relatives. Individuals in the cohort and their relatives were linked to State cancer registry, hospital and mortality data to identify diagnoses of CRC and other risk factors. The associations between CRC and identified risk factors were examined using multivariable logistic regression. For both young and middle-aged patients, family history of CRC, and a history of smoking, inflammatory bowel disease, liver disease and non-CRC cancer were associated with a significant increase in odds of CRC. In middle-aged patients, having a colonoscopy in the previous 10 years was associated with a reduced odds of CRC regardless of the detection of polyps. However, in young patients only the absence of polyps as confirmed by colonoscopy was associated with a decreased risk of CRC (OR: 0.38, 95%CI: 0.26 – 0.54, p