Retinoic acid inducible gene-I slows down cellular senescence through negatively regulating the integrin β3/p38 MAPK pathway

• Published in: Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Tex.), 2019-12, Vol.18 (23), p.3378-3392
• Main Authors: Zhao, Junmei, Jiang, Xinyi, Yan, Li, Lin, Jian, Guo, Hezhou, Yu, Shanhe, Ye, Baixin, Zhu, Jiang, Zhang, Wu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: aging; cellular senescence; integrin β3; p38 MAPK; Research Paper; Retinoic acid inducible gene-I
• ISSN: 1538-4101; 1551-4005
• DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1677074

Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (Rig-I) has been well documented as a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that can sense viral RNA ligands to initiate the interferon-mediated antiviral immunity. However, little is known about the biological behaviors of Rig-I devoid of viral infection. Herein, we investigated the roles of Rig-I in the regulation of cellular senescence. In comparison to wild-type counterparts, Rig-I -/- mice displayed the accelerated loss of hair, less responsiveness to gentle physical stimuli and shorten survival time. Likewise, Rig-I deficiency rendered mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) more susceptible to the serial passages-associated replicative senescence. By performing a transcriptome analysis, we identified integrins at the intersections of biological pathways affected by Rig-I. Among these, integrin β3 was negatively regulated by Rig-I, and significantly upregulated with the occurrence of senescence. Gene silencing of Itgb3 (encoding integrin β3) retarded the progression of cellular senescence in both WT and Rig-I -/- MEFs. Notably, this effect was more prominent in Rig-I -/- MEFs. Furthermore, p38 MAPK was a key downstream molecule for integrin β3-mediated senescence, and overactivated in senescent Rig-I -/- MEFs. Taken together, Rig-I deficiency contributes to cellular senescence through amplifying integrin β3/p38 MAPK signaling. Our findings provide the evidence that Rig-I is a key regulator of cellular senescence, which will be helpful in better understanding its function without viral infection. Abbreviations: Rig-I: retinoic acid inducible gene-I; SASP: senescence-associated secretory phenotype; ECM: extracellular matrix; Itgb3: integrin beta 3; PRR: pattern recognition receptor; MEFs: mouse embryonic fibroblasts; Il-1β: interleukin-1 beta; Il-6: interleukin-6; Il-8: interleukin-8; Cxcl1: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1; Ccl2: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; WT, wild type; BM: bone marrow; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinases; JNK: Jun N-terminal kinases; SA-β-gal: senescence-associated β-galactosidase; qPCR: quantitative reverse-transcription PCR; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline