Female dominant association of sarcopenia and physical frailty in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

•Cognitive/affective functions and ADL worsened in MCI and AD of both sex.•Physical functions of both sarcopenia and frailty worsened in MCI and AD of both sex.•Physical dysfunctions were associated with cognitive/affective declines in females. Associations of sarcopenia and physical frailty in cogn...

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Published in:Journal of clinical neuroscience 2019-12, Vol.70, p.96-101
Main Authors: Ohta, Yasuyuki, Nomura, Emi, Hatanaka, Noriko, Osakada, Yosuke, Matsumoto, Namiko, Sasaki, Ryo, Tsunoda, Keiichiro, Takemoto, Mami, Tadokoro, Koh, Hishikawa, Nozomi, Wakutani, Yosuke, Yamashita, Toru, Sato, Kota, Omote, Yoshio, Abe, Koji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living
Aged
Alzheimer Disease - complications
Alzheimer’s disease
Apathy
Cognitive Dysfunction - complications
Depression - etiology
Female
Frailty - epidemiology
Frailty - etiology
Gender difference
Humans
Male
MCI
Physical frailty
Sarcopenia
Sarcopenia - epidemiology
Sarcopenia - etiology
Sex Factors
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Summary:•Cognitive/affective functions and ADL worsened in MCI and AD of both sex.•Physical functions of both sarcopenia and frailty worsened in MCI and AD of both sex.•Physical dysfunctions were associated with cognitive/affective declines in females. Associations of sarcopenia and physical frailty in cognitive and affective (depression, apathy, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia) functions of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were not fully evaluated previously, especially not for gender differences. 165 AD, 84 MCI, and 48 control participants (175 female, 122 male) were evaluated for cognitive, affective, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical functions associated with sarcopenia and physical frailty. In both sexes, cognitive and affective functions, ADL, and physical functions worsened in MCI and AD compared to control subjects. Physical dysfunctions, especially slow gait speed (3 m up and go test), were significantly associated with cognitive, affective, and ADL declines in participants (control subjects, MCI, and AD) of each gender, which were especially noticeable in females. The present study may be the first to suggest significant associations of sarcopenia and physical frailty with cognitive and affective functions of MCI and AD, especially in females.
ISSN:0967-5868
1532-2653
DOI:10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.062