A metabolomic approach to investigate effects of ocean acidification on a polar microalga Chlorella sp

• Published in: Aquatic toxicology 2019-12, Vol.217, p.105349-105349, Article 105349
• Main Authors: Tan, Yong-Hao, Lim, Phaik-Eem, Beardall, John, Poong, Sze-Wan, Phang, Siew-Moi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acclimatization - drug effects; Amino Acids - biosynthesis; Antarctic; Antarctic Regions; Carbon Dioxide - analysis; Carbon Dioxide - toxicity; Chlorella - drug effects; Chlorella - metabolism; Chlorophyll A - metabolism; CO2; Electron Transport - drug effects; Fatty Acids - biosynthesis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Marine phytoplankton; Metabolome - drug effects; Metabolomics; Microalgae - drug effects; Microalgae - metabolism; Ocean acidification; Oceans and Seas; Photosynthesis - drug effects; Seawater - chemistry; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
• ISSN: 0166-445X; 1879-1514
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105349

•Future ocean acidification levels have little effect on the growth and photosynthesis of Chlorella sp.•Ocean acidification promoted saturation of fatty acids and amino acid synthesis of Chlorella sp.•Enhancement of energy production and trehalose synthesis could be the acclimation strategies of marine picochlorophytes. Ocean acidification, due to increased levels of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, is known to affect the physiology and growth of marine phytoplankton, especially in polar regions. However, the effect of acidification or carbonation on cellular metabolism in polar marine phytoplankton still remains an open question. There is some evidence that small chlorophytes may benefit more than other taxa of phytoplankton. To understand further how green polar picoplankton could acclimate to high oceanic CO2, studies were conducted on an Antarctic Chlorella sp. Chlorella sp. maintained its growth rate (∼0.180 d-1), photosynthetic quantum yield (Fv/Fm = ∼0.69) and chlorophyll a (0.145 fg cell-1) and carotenoid (0.06 fg cell-1) contents under high CO2, while maximum rates of electron transport decreased and non-photochemical quenching increased under elevated CO2. GCMS-based metabolomic analysis reveal that this polar Chlorella strain modulated the levels of metabolites associated with energy, amino acid, fatty acid and carbohydrate production, which could favour its survival in an increasingly acidified ocean.