Risk factors of bone mineral metabolic disorders

Bone remodeling is a complex process which integrates different stimuli factors such as mechanical, nutritional and hormonal factors as well as cytokines and growth factors. Bone health depends on an adequate balance between all these factors. The typical bone pathology of the newborn is the metabol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine 2020-02, Vol.25 (1), p.101068-101068, Article 101068
Main Author: Montaner Ramón, Alicia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone and Bones - metabolism
Bone Diseases, Metabolic - etiology
Bone Diseases, Metabolic - metabolism
Calcium
Calcium - metabolism
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Metabolic bone disease
Neonates
Osteopenia
Phosphorus - metabolism
Prematurity
Risk Factors
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - metabolism
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Summary:Bone remodeling is a complex process which integrates different stimuli factors such as mechanical, nutritional and hormonal factors as well as cytokines and growth factors. Bone health depends on an adequate balance between all these factors. The typical bone pathology of the newborn is the metabolic bone disease of prematurity, favored by a lack of mineral accretion in the third trimester of gestation. The intrinsic defects of the bone tissue (primary osteoporosis) are usually of genetic or idiopathic origin and can affect both the term and the preterm newborn. Other risk factors for osteopenia (secondary osteoporosis) include maternal or gestational factors, nutritional deficits (calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D), endocrinological alterations, use of certain medications antagonistic to bone metabolism, mechanical factors and chronic diseases (renal or hepatic insufficiency, intestinal malabsorption, collagen or metabolic diseases). This review examines the risk factors of developing bone metabolic disorders in neonates.
ISSN:1744-165X
1878-0946
DOI:10.1016/j.siny.2019.101068