Diversity of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) Along Streams Fragmented by Waterfalls in the Brazilian Savanna

In stream ecosystems, waterfalls intercept the fluvial continuum and limit the dispersion of aquatic organisms. However, the barrier effect may be minimized or absent for insects whose life cycle is not restricted to the aquatic environment (i.e., winged adults), such as the orders Ephemeroptera, Pl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neotropical entomology 2020-04, Vol.49 (2), p.203-212
Main Authors: Andrade, I. C. P., Krolow, T. K., Boldrini, R., Pelicice, F. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Animal Distribution
Animals
Aquatic Organisms
Behavior and Bionomics
Biodiversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Brazil
Ecology
Entomology
Ephemeroptera - classification
Grassland
Life Sciences
Rivers
Water Movements
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Summary:In stream ecosystems, waterfalls intercept the fluvial continuum and limit the dispersion of aquatic organisms. However, the barrier effect may be minimized or absent for insects whose life cycle is not restricted to the aquatic environment (i.e., winged adults), such as the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT). In this study, we investigated EPT diversity (abundance, richness, and composition) in savanna headwater streams (Cerrado Domain, Brazil) to investigate the hypothesis that large waterfalls have little effect on instream assemblage structure. During 2017 and 2018, we sampled EPTs and measured environmental conditions at reaches adjacent (downstream and upstream) to waterfalls (5 to 70 m high). We collected 2532 immature specimens of 33 genera, including the first record of 14 genera of Ephemeroptera, 11 Trichoptera, and three Plecoptera for the Tocantins State. Hydro-geomorphic and streambed conditions varied among sites, but they were not related to the presence of waterfalls. Assemblage structure was similar between downstream and upstream reaches, with no significant difference in taxa richness, abundance, and composition. This pattern was consistently observed considering all data combined, and each order separately. These results support the hypothesis that physical barriers have weak effects on EPT assemblages at small spatial scales, where strong dispersal and habitat similarity probably homogenizes the structure of local assemblages in stream corridors adjacent to large waterfalls. The study provides important information about factors driving the distribution of biodiversity in savanna streams, which are relevant to support conservation and management plans in the Brazilian Cerrado.
ISSN:1519-566X
1678-8052
DOI:10.1007/s13744-019-00751-z