Fluid Brain Glycolysis: Limits, Speed, Location, Moonlighting, and the Fates of Glycogen and Lactate

Glycolysis is the core of intermediate metabolism, an ancient pathway discovered in the heydays of classic biochemistry. A hundred years later, it remains a matter of active research, clinical interest and is not devoid of controversy. This review examines topical aspects of glycolysis in the brain,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurochemical research 2020-06, Vol.45 (6), p.1328-1334
Main Authors: Barros, L. Felipe, San Martín, Alejandro, Ruminot, Iván, Sandoval, Pamela Y., Baeza-Lehnert, Felipe, Arce-Molina, Robinson, Rauseo, Daniela, Contreras-Baeza, Yasna, Galaz, Alex, Valdivia, Sharin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Astrocytes
Astrocytes - chemistry
Astrocytes - metabolism
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain
Brain - metabolism
Brain Chemistry - physiology
Catalysis
Cell Biology
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Glucose
Glucose - analysis
Glucose - metabolism
Glycogen
Glycogen - analysis
Glycogen - metabolism
Glycogens
Glycolysis
Glycolysis - physiology
Humans
Lactic acid
Lactic Acid - analysis
Lactic Acid - metabolism
Metabolism
Neurochemistry
Neurology
Neurons - chemistry
Neurons - metabolism
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Time Factors
Tissues
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Summary:Glycolysis is the core of intermediate metabolism, an ancient pathway discovered in the heydays of classic biochemistry. A hundred years later, it remains a matter of active research, clinical interest and is not devoid of controversy. This review examines topical aspects of glycolysis in the brain, a tissue characterized by an extreme dependence on glucose. The limits of glycolysis are reviewed in terms of flux control by glucose transporters, intercellular lactate shuttling and activity-dependent glycolysis in astrocytes and neurons. What is the site of glycogen mobilization and aerobic glycolysis in brain tissue? We scrutinize the pervasive notions that glycolysis is fast and that catalysis is channeled through supramolecular assemblies. In brain tissue, most glycolytic enzymes are catalytically silent. What then is their function?
ISSN:0364-3190
1573-6903
DOI:10.1007/s11064-020-03005-2