Infectious complications in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients—A retrospective clinical and epidemiological cohort study

Background Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapeutic strategy for several hematologic diseases. In the absence of a matched related donor, allogeneic HSCT has been associated with increased risk of infectious complications. Here, we present the clinical and epidemiol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Transplant infectious disease 2020-10, Vol.22 (5), p.e13369-n/a
Main Authors: Pinto, Tyane de Almeida, Jardim, Bruno Araújo, Breda, Giovanni Luís, Morales, Hugo Manuel Paz, Bonfim, Carmem, Raboni, Sonia Mara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
allogeneic
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial infections
Blood diseases
Bone marrow
Children
Cohort analysis
Complications
Cord blood
Epidemiology
Failure analysis
Fungal diseases
Fungal infections
Fungi
Graft-versus-host reaction
Health risks
Hematological diseases
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic stem cells
Infections
Patients
pediatric infection
Pediatrics
Prognosis
Risk
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Transplantation
Viral infections
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Summary:Background Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapeutic strategy for several hematologic diseases. In the absence of a matched related donor, allogeneic HSCT has been associated with increased risk of infectious complications. Here, we present the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of early infectious complications in children undergoing HSCT from Southern Brazil. Methods This is a retrospective unicentric cohort study of infections in all children receiving their first HSCT during the period between 2010 and 2017. Results Data from 292 patients were analyzed; bone marrow failures (52.7%) comprised most of the baseline diagnosis. Bone marrow (BM) was the stem cell source in 254 (87%), followed by cord blood (CB) in 34 (11.6%) children. The use of alternative donors (77.8%) and presence of acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) (23.6%) were associated with an increased risk of viral and fungal infection. Bacterial infection was observed in 79 patients (27%); 220 patients (75.3%) were diagnosed with viral infection, and 35 patients (12%) developed fungal infection. The presence of fungal disease together with the presence of multiple infections during follow‐up was associated with an increased risk of death (P 
ISSN:1398-2273
1399-3062
DOI:10.1111/tid.13369