Transitional immature regulatory B cells and regulatory cytokines can discriminate chronic antibody-mediated rejection from stable graft function

•TRB cells might be a master regulator of inflammatory immune responses.•Insufficiency of TRB cells might be involved in the allograft rejection.•Double-edged effects of cytokines against graft could determine the fate of graft.•TGF-β may induce an inflammatory response against graft and led to graf...

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Published in:International immunopharmacology 2020-09, Vol.86, p.106750-106750, Article 106750
Main Authors: Salehi, Saeedeh, Shahi, Abbas, Afzali, Shima, Keshtkar, Abbas Ali, Farashi Bonab, Samad, Soleymanian, Tayebeh, Ansaripour, Bita, Amirzargar, Ali Akbar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allografts
Antibodies
CD19 antigen
CD38 antigen
Chronic antibody-mediated rejection
Cytokines
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Graft rejection
Growth factors
Immune system
Immunological memory
Inflammation
Interleukin 10
Kidney transplantation
Leukocytes (mononuclear)
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes B
Memory cells
mRNA
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Proteins
Regulatory B cells
Rejection
Surface markers
Survival
Transforming growth factor beta
Transplantation
Transplants & implants
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Summary:•TRB cells might be a master regulator of inflammatory immune responses.•Insufficiency of TRB cells might be involved in the allograft rejection.•Double-edged effects of cytokines against graft could determine the fate of graft.•TGF-β may induce an inflammatory response against graft and led to graft fibrosis.•IL-10 exerts its regulatory functions on graft survival in the long-term period. The balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses of the immune system has been demonstrated to determine the fate of transplanted allografts. Here we analyzed CD19+CD24hiCD38hi immature transitional regulatory B (TRB) cells, as well as the gene and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the three separate groups, include of stable transplanted subjects, chronic antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR) patients, and healthy individuals. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from stable subjects (n = 36), cAMR patients (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 18) were isolated. Flowcytometry was performed for CD19, CD24, and CD38 surface markers. ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR were performed for IL-10 and TGF-β cytokines. The percentages of immature TRB cells were significantly decrease in cAMR patients (0.98%) versus stable recipients (2.81%) and healthy subjects (4.03%) (P = 0.001 and P 
ISSN:1567-5769
1878-1705
DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106750