Effects of Aging on the Subcortical Encoding of Stop Consonants

• Published in: American journal of audiology 2020-09, Vol.29 (3), p.391-403
• Main Authors: Rishiq, Dania, Harkrider, Ashley, Springer, Cary, Hedrick, Mark
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1059-0889; 1558-9137
• DOI: 10.1044/2020_AJA-19-00044

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aging effects on the predominantly subcortical (brainstem) encoding of the second-formant frequency transition, an essential acoustic cue for perceiving place of articulation. Method: Synthetic consonant--vowel syllables varying in second-formant onset frequency (i.e., /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ stimuli) were used to elicit speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (speech-ABRs) in 16 young adults ([M.sub.age] = 21 years) and 11 older adults ([M.sub.age] = 59 years). Repeated-measures mixed-model analyses of variance were performed on the latencies and amplitudes of the speech-ABR peaks. Fixed factors were phoneme (repeated measures on three levels: /b/ vs. /d/ vs. /g/) and age (two levels: young vs. older). Results: Speech-ABR differences were observed between the two groups (young vs. older adults). Specifically, older listeners showed generalized amplitude reductions for onset and major peaks. Significant Phoneme x Group interactions were not observed. Conclusions: Results showed aging effects in speech-ABR amplitudes that may reflect diminished subcortical encoding of consonants in older listeners. These aging effects were not phoneme dependent as observed using the statistical methods of this study.