Inflammation in Huntington's disease: A few new twists on an old tale

• Published in: Journal of neuroimmunology 2020-11, Vol.348, p.577380-577380, Article 577380
• Main Authors: Valadão, Priscila Aparecida Costa, Santos, Kívia Barretos S., Ferreira e Vieira, Talita Hélen, Macedo e Cordeiro, Thiago, Teixeira, Antonio Lucio, Guatimosim, Cristina, de Miranda, Aline Silva
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Humans; Huntingtin protein; Huntington Disease - immunology; Huntington Disease - pathology; Huntington's disease; Inflammation; Inflammation - immunology; Inflammation - pathology; Peripheral organs
• ISSN: 0165-5728; 1872-8421
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577380

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by prominent loss of neurons in the striatum and cortex. Traditionally research in HD has focused on brain changes as they cause progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline and psychiatric disorders. The discovery that huntingtin protein (HTT) and its mutated form (mHTT) are expressed not only in the brain but also in different organs and tissues paved the way for the hypothesis that HD might affect regions beyond the central nervous system (CNS). Besides pathological deposition of mHTT, other mechanisms, including inflammation, seem to underlie HD pathogenesis and progression. Altered inflammation can be evidenced even before the onset of classical symptoms of HD. Herein, we will discuss current pre-clinical and clinical evidence on immune/inflammatory changes in peripheral organs during HD development and progression. The understanding of the impact of inflammation on peripheral organs may open new venues for the development of novel therapeutic targets in HD. •Vital peripheral organs may show inflammatory changes in HD.•Peripheral inflammatory changes may occur before manifestation of symptoms in HD.•There is evidence of peripheral inflammation both in humans and HD and in animal models for the disease.