A prospective comparison of four methods for preventing pacemaker pocket infections

• Published in: Artificial organs 2021-04, Vol.45 (4), p.411-418
• Main Authors: Li, Yao‐Dong, MaiMaiTiABuDuLa, MaiMaiTiMin, Cao, Gui‐Qiu, MaiMaiTiAiLi, MaiMaiTiMin, Zhou, Xian‐Hui, Lu, Yan‐Mei, Zhang, Jiang‐Hua, Xing, Qiang, Wu, Chuang‐Ju, Feng, Min, Zhang, Ge‐Ge, Tang, Bao‐Peng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cleaning; Endocarditis; Gauze; Gentamicin; Implantation; infection prevention; Infections; pacemaker; Pacemakers; Patients; pocket infection; Statistical analysis; Surgical implants
• ISSN: 0160-564X; 1525-1594
• DOI: 10.1111/aor.13832

This study aims to evaluate four pacemaker pocket cleaning methods for preventing implantation‐related infections. This single‐center trial prospectively randomized 910 patients undergoing first‐time pacemaker implantation or replacement into four pocket cleaning methods: hemocoagulase (group A, n = 228), gentamicin (group B, n = 228), hemocoagulase plus gentamicin (group C, n = 227), and normal saline (group D, n = 227). Before implanting the pacemaker battery, the pockets were cleaned with gauze presoaked in the respective cleaning solutions. Then, these patients were followed up to monitor the occurrence of infections for 1 month after implantation. Twelve implantation‐related infections occurred in 910 patients (1.32%): four patients from group A (1.75%), three patients from group B (1.32%), two patients from group C (0.88%), and three patients from group D (1.32%) (P > .05). Furthermore, two patients developed bloodstream infections (0.22%), and both of these patients were associated with pocket infection (one patient was from group A, while the other patient was from group C, respectively). No cases of infective endocarditis occurred. The differences in the number of infections in these study groups were not statistically significant. The application of hemocoagulase, gentamicin, hemocoagulase plus gentamicin, or normal saline on the presoaked gauze before implantation was equally effective in preventing pocket‐associated infections. This study aims to evaluate four pacemaker pocket cleaning methods for preventing implantation‐related infections. This single‐center trial prospectively randomized 910 patients undergoing first‐time pacemaker implantation or replacement into four pocket cleaning methods: hemocoagulase (group A, n = 228), gentamicin (group B, n = 228), hemocoagulase plus gentamicin (group C, n = 227), and normal saline (group D, n = 227). The application of hemocoagulase, gentamicin, hemocoagulase plus gentamicin, or normal saline on the presoaked gauze before implantation was equally effective in preventing pocket‐associated infections.