An evaluation of manual tidal volume and respiratory rate delivery during simulated resuscitation

Introduction: Excessive minute ventilation during cardiac arrest may cause lung injury and decrease the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, little is known about how clinicians deliver tidal volumes and respiratory rates during CPR. Methods: In this cross-sectional study,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of emergency medicine 2021-07, Vol.45, p.446-450
Main Authors: Scott, J. Brady, Schneider, Julie M., Schneider, Karen, Li, Jie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body weight
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Confidence
CPR
Data analysis
Emergency medical care
Feedback
Gloves
Hyperventilation
Manual ventilation
Mechanical ventilation
Nurses
Questionnaires
Respiration
Respiratory rate
Resuscitation
Software
Tidal volume
Variables
Ventilation
Ventilators
Visual perception
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Summary:Introduction: Excessive minute ventilation during cardiac arrest may cause lung injury and decrease the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, little is known about how clinicians deliver tidal volumes and respiratory rates during CPR. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, licensed practitioners attending an American Heart Association (AHA) Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) course performed CPR and manual ventilation on a high-fidelity simulator during the megacode portion of the course. Delivered tidal volumes and respiratory rates were measured on a monitor. During the first scenario, results were not displayed to participants, but were displayed during the second scenario. Results: Fifty-two clinicians participated in this study. Average height was 169 (157,178) cm. Pre-monitor display tidal volumes delivered were larger in male participants compared to female participants (684.6 ± 134.4 vs 586.7 ± 167.6 ml, P = 0.05). Those using medium-sized gloves delivered smaller tidal volumes than those using small or large gloves. Twenty-two (42.3%) delivered tidal volume in the range of 5–8 ml/kg of predicted body weight for the simulation manikin, and 35 (67.3%) delivered tidal volumes with >20% variability among breaths. All participants met the target respiratory rate around 10 breaths/min. Conclusion: Tidal volume delivery varied greatly during manual ventilation and fewer than half participants delivered tidal volume at 5–8 ml/kg to the manikin. Sex and glove size appeared to impact tidal volume delivery when the participants were unaware of what they were delivering. Participants were able to meet the target respiratory rate around 10 without audio or visual feedback.
ISSN:0735-6757
1532-8171
DOI:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.091