Bacteriocin production by Leuconostoc citreum ST110LD isolated from organic farm soil, a promising biopreservative

• Published in: Journal of applied microbiology 2021-09, Vol.131 (3), p.1226-1239
• Main Authors: Woo, C., Jung, S., Fugaban, J.I.I., Bucheli, J.E.V., Holzapfel, W.H., Todorov, S.D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; Bacteria; Bacteriocins; biopreservation; Catalase; Chymotrypsin; Fermentation; Fermented food; Glycerol; Leuconostoc citreum; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes; Microbiological analysis; Microorganisms; Morphology; organic farm soil; Organic farming; Organic soils; Pepsin; Random amplified polymorphic DNA; Sodium chloride
• ISSN: 1364-5072; 1365-2672
• DOI: 10.1111/jam.15042

Aims The objective of this study was to isolate a bacteriocin‐producing strain and to characterize the expressed bacteriocin for the control of Listeria monocytogenes with aim of biopreservation application. Methods and Results Soil samples from a Korean organic farm were subjected to microbiological analysis for isolation of potential bacteriocinogenic LAB, based on a three‐level approach, using L. monocytogenes ATCC 15313 as an indicator test micro‐organism. From a total of 17 isolates with inhibitory potential, seven were confirmed to be bacteriocin producers. The selected isolates were differentiated based on their morphology, catalase reaction, sugar fermentation profile obtained by API50CHL and by RAPD‐PCR generating two unique profiles. One of the isolates, ST110LD, a specific strong producer of anti‐Listeria bacteriocins (12 800 AU ml−1) was identified as Leuconostoc citreum. The proteinaceous nature of the inhibitory compound produced by Leuc. citreum ST110LD was confirmed through treatment with pepsin and α‐chymotrypsin. Bacteriocin activity was observed to be not affected by the presence of milk, NaCl, SDS, Tween 80 or glycerol. Bacteriocin ST110LD effectively inhibited the growth of exponentially growing L. monocytogenes ATCC 15313 during a 10‐h incubation period in BHI at 37°C. In addition, this bacteriocin showed specific inhibition of only Listeria spp., but did not inhibit the growth of beneficial cultures included in the microbial test panel for assessment of the spectrum of activity. Conclusions Leuconostoc citreum ST110LD was evaluated as safe bacterium strain, producing bacteriocin with high specificity against listerial and enterococcal species. Specificity of producer strain and expressed bacteriocin can be explored in biopreservation of different fermented food products or applied in biotherapy of antibiotic resistant listerial or enterococcal infections. Significance and Impact of the Study To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bacteriocin produced by Leuc. citreum strain with highly specific antimicrobial activity against Listeria sp. and Enterococcus sp.