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Increased mortality after post-stroke epilepsy following primary intracerebral hemorrhage
•Post-stroke epilepsy was independently associated with late mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage.•Patients with post-stroke epilepsy had more pneumonia-related deaths.•Proportions of cardiovascular or traumatic deaths did not differ by epilepsy. This study aimed to determine whether post-stroke...
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Published in: | Epilepsy research 2021-05, Vol.172, p.106586-106586, Article 106586 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | •Post-stroke epilepsy was independently associated with late mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage.•Patients with post-stroke epilepsy had more pneumonia-related deaths.•Proportions of cardiovascular or traumatic deaths did not differ by epilepsy.
This study aimed to determine whether post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) predicts mortality, and to describe the most prominent causes of death (COD) in a long-term follow-up after primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
We followed 3-month survivors of a population-based cohort of primary ICH patients in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland, for a median of 8.8 years. Mortality and CODs were compared between those who developed PSE and those who did not. PSE was defined according to the ILAE guidelines. CODs were extracted from death certificates (Statistics Finland).
Of 961 patients, 611 survived for 3 months. 409 (66.9%) had died by the end of the follow-up. Pneumonia was the only COD that was significantly more common among the patients with PSE (56% vs. 37% of deaths). In the multivariable models, PSE (hazard ratio [HR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.87), age (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06–1.08), male sex (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09–1.67), dependency at 3 months (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.24–1.88), non-subcortical ICH location (subcortical location HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61−0.99), diabetes (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.07–1.90) and cancer (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.06–1.98) predicted death in the long-term follow-up.
PSE independently predicted higher late morality of ICH in our cohort. Pneumonia-related deaths were more common among the patients with PSE. |
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ISSN: | 0920-1211 1872-6844 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106586 |