Differences in the eyelid and buccal microbiome of glaucoma patients receiving long-term administration of prostaglandin analog drops

Purpose To investigate the differences in the eyelid and buccal microbiomes between patients receiving long-term prostaglandin analogs for open-angle glaucoma (PG-OAG) and naïve-OAG patients by using metagenomics. Methods Eyelid and buccal samples were collected from 30 PG-OAG and 32 naïve-OAG patie...

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Published in:Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 2021-10, Vol.259 (10), p.3055-3065
Main Authors: Lim, Su-Ho, Shin, Jong Hoon, Lee, Ji-Woong, Lee, Young, Seo, Je Hyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Eyelid
Gene expression
Glaucoma
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metagenomics
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Ophthalmology
rRNA 16S
Taxonomy
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Summary:Purpose To investigate the differences in the eyelid and buccal microbiomes between patients receiving long-term prostaglandin analogs for open-angle glaucoma (PG-OAG) and naïve-OAG patients by using metagenomics. Methods Eyelid and buccal samples were collected from 30 PG-OAG and 32 naïve-OAG patients. The taxonomic composition of the microbiome was obtained via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, operational taxonomic unit analysis, and diversity analysis. Differential gene expression analysis (DEG) and Bland–Altman (MA) plots were used to determine taxon differences between the microbiomes of PG-OAG and naïve-OAG patients. Results The eyelid microbiome showed marginally significant differences, while the alpha-diversity of the buccal microbiome showed significant differences between PG-OAG and naïve-OAG patients. However, the beta-diversity of both eyelid and buccal microbiomes was higher in PG-OAG patients than in naïve-OAG patients. The MA plot showed cluster differences in the eyelid microbiome. DEG analysis of the eyelid microbiome revealed various taxa differences, including enrichment of Azomonas , Pseudomonas , and Granulicatella in PG-OAG patients over naïve-OAG patients, as well as significant depletion of Delftia and Rothia . In the buccal microbiome in PG-OAG patients, taxa such as Rikenella and Stenotrophomonas were significantly enriched. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the eyelid microbiome differs between PG-OAG and naïve-OAG patients, raising concerns regarding the eyelid environment in patients receiving these drugs. The overexpressed microbiome in the eyelid area suggests that microbiota may change after the administration of glaucoma medications in OAG.
ISSN:0721-832X
1435-702X
DOI:10.1007/s00417-021-05218-9