Effect of continuous positive airway pressure versus nasal cannula on late preterm and term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn

Objective To compare continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with nasal cannula (NC) as primary noninvasive respiratory therapy in hypoxic infants for transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). Study design Retrospective cohort study of infants born at ≥34 weeks of gestation between January 1, 201...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of perinatology 2021-07, Vol.41 (7), p.1675-1680
Main Authors: Chiruvolu, Arpitha, Claunch, Kevin M., Garcia, Alberto J., Petrey, Barbara, Hammonds, Kendall, Mallett, Lea H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/308/409
692/699/1785
Birth weight
Cannula
Cannulae
Care and treatment
Comparative analysis
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Gestation
Gestational Age
Humans
Hypoxia
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infants
Infants (Newborn)
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Newborn babies
Oxygen
Oxygen equipment (Medical care)
Patient outcomes
Pediatric research
Pediatric Surgery
Pediatrics
Pneumothorax
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn
Respiratory therapy
Respiratory tract
Retrospective Studies
Tachypnea
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn - therapy
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Summary:Objective To compare continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with nasal cannula (NC) as primary noninvasive respiratory therapy in hypoxic infants for transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). Study design Retrospective cohort study of infants born at ≥34 weeks of gestation between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018. Result After adjusting for gestational age and birth weight, the maximum fractional inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ) was significantly lower in the CPAP group with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76–0.96). Although nonsignificant, the CPAP group needed 32% fewer hours on oxygen with an IRR of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.38–1.22). The duration of respiratory support and the incidence of pneumothorax were similar between both groups. Conclusion Comparing CPAP with NC as initial noninvasive respiratory therapy for TTN, significantly lower maximum FiO 2 was observed in the infants of CPAP group without increase in the incidence of pneumothorax.
ISSN:0743-8346
1476-5543
DOI:10.1038/s41372-021-01068-9