Trends of age‐related non‐communicable diseases in people living with HIV and comparison with uninfected controls: A nationwide population‐based study in South Korea

• Published in: HIV medicine 2021-10, Vol.22 (9), p.824-833
• Main Authors: Kim, Jung Ho, Noh, Juhwan, Kim, Woojin, Seong, Hye, Kim, Jun Hyoung, Lee, Woon Ji, Baek, YaeJee, Hyun, JongHoon, Sohn, Yujin, Cho, Yunsuk, Kim, Moo Hyun, Ahn, SangMin, Lee, Yongseop, Ahn, Jin Young, Jeong, Su Jin, Ku, Nam Su, Yeom, Joon‐Sup, Kim, Changsoo, Choi, Jun Yong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Biomedical materials; Brain Ischemia; Calendars; Cardiovascular diseases; comparative study; Congestive heart failure; Coronary artery disease; Diabetes mellitus; Diagnosis; Dyslipidemia; HIV; HIV infections; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - epidemiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Hypertension; Ischemia; Kidney diseases; Noncommunicable Diseases - epidemiology; non‐communicable diseases; Osteoporosis; Population studies; Population-based studies; Republic of Korea - epidemiology; Risk assessment; Sexually transmitted diseases; STD; Stroke; Trends
• ISSN: 1464-2662; 1468-1293
• DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13139

Objectives We aim to compare the trends of non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) and death among people living with HIV (PLWH) and uninfected controls in South Korea. Methods We identified PLWH from a nationwide database of all Korean citizens enrolled from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2016. A control cohort was randomly selected for PLWH by frequency matching for age and sex in a 20:1 ratio. To compare NCD trends between the groups, adjusted incidence rate ratios for outcomes across ages, calendar years and times after HIV diagnosis were calculated. Results We included 14 134 PLWH and 282 039 controls in this study; 58.5% of PLWH and 36.4% of the controls were diagnosed with at least one NCD. The incidence rates of cancers, chronic kidney disease, depression, osteoporosis, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were higher in PLWH than in the controls, whereas those of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, ischaemic stroke and hypertension were lower in PLWH. Relative risks (RRs) for NCDs in PLWH were higher than controls in younger age groups. Trends in the RRs of NCDs tended to increase with the calendar year for PLWH vs. controls and either stabilized or decreased with time after HIV diagnosis. The RR of death from PLWH has decreased with the calendar year, but showed a tendency to rise again after 2014 and was significant at the early stage of HIV diagnosis. Conclusions Although the RR of each NCD in PLWH showed variable trends compared with that in controls, NCDs in PLWH have been increasingly prevalent.