The plant microbiota: composition, functions, and engineering

[Display omitted] •The plant microbiota is associated with all plant organs, influencing many functions.•The composition of the plant microbiota depends on abiotic and biotic factors.•Local and global censuses reveal the dominance of few key taxa.•Bacterial and fungal communities modulate plant immu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in biotechnology 2022-02, Vol.73, p.135-142
Main Authors: Chialva, Matteo, Lanfranco, Luisa, Bonfante, Paola
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Crops, Agricultural
Microbiota
Plant Roots
Rhizosphere
Soil - chemistry
Soil Microbiology
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Summary:[Display omitted] •The plant microbiota is associated with all plant organs, influencing many functions.•The composition of the plant microbiota depends on abiotic and biotic factors.•Local and global censuses reveal the dominance of few key taxa.•Bacterial and fungal communities modulate plant immunity, nutrition and development.•Engineering the plant microbiota may help in sustainable agriculture. Plants growing in nature live in association with beneficial, commensal, and pathogenic microbes, which make up the plant microbiota. The close interaction between plants and their microbiotas has raised fundamental questions about plant responses to these microbes and the identity of the main factors driving microbiota structure, diversity, and function in bulk soil, in the rhizosphere, and in the plant organs. Beneficial microorganisms have long been used as inoculants for crops; the current development of synthetic microbial communities and the identification of plant traits that respond to the microbiota form the basis for rational engineering of the plant microbiota to improve sustainable agriculture.
ISSN:0958-1669
1879-0429
DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2021.07.003