Fentanyl and other opioid involvement in methamphetamine-related deaths

Background: Methamphetamine-related deaths have been rising along with those involving synthetic opioids, mostly fentanyl and fentanyl analogs (FAs). However, the extent to which methamphetamine involvement in deaths differs from those changes occurring in synthetic opioid involvement is unknown. Ob...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse 2022-03, Vol.48 (2), p.226-234
Main Authors: Dai, Zheng, Abate, Marie A., Groth, Caroline P., Rucker, Tori, Kraner, James C., Mock, Allen R., Smith, Gordon S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analgesics, Opioid - adverse effects
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Changes
death
Death & dying
Drug Overdose - epidemiology
Female
Fentanyl
Fentanyl - adverse effects
Humans
Male
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine - adverse effects
Mortality rates
Narcotics
opioid
Opioids
Participation
Prevention programs
Social programs
Stimulants
Substance abuse
Surveillance
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Summary:Background: Methamphetamine-related deaths have been rising along with those involving synthetic opioids, mostly fentanyl and fentanyl analogs (FAs). However, the extent to which methamphetamine involvement in deaths differs from those changes occurring in synthetic opioid involvement is unknown. Objectives: To determine the patterns and temporal changes in methamphetamine-related deaths with and without other drug involvement. Methods: Data from all methamphetamine-related deaths in West Virginia from 2013 to 2018 were analyzed. Quasi-Poisson regression analyses over time were conducted to compare the rates of change in death counts among methamphetamine and fentanyl//FA subgroups. Results: A total of 815 methamphetamine-related deaths were analyzed; 572 (70.2%) were male and 527 (64.7%) involved an opioid. The proportion of methamphetamine only deaths stayed relatively flat over time although the actual numbers of deaths increased. Combined fentanyl/FAs and methamphetamine were involved in 337 deaths (41.3%) and constituted the largest increase from 2013 to 2018. The modeling of monthly death counts in 2017-2018 found that the average number of deaths involving fentanyl without methamphetamine significantly declined (rate of change −0.025, p
ISSN:0095-2990
1097-9891
DOI:10.1080/00952990.2021.1981919