Development of ultra‐high‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography‐mass spectrometry assays to analyze potential biomarkers in sweat

• Published in: Journal of separation science 2022-01, Vol.45 (2), p.542-550
• Main Authors: Herniman, Julie M., Worsley, Peter R., Greenhill, Rachel, Bader, Dan L., John Langley, G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acids; Ammonium acetate; Assaying; Biomarkers; Carbon dioxide; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid - methods; Electrospraying; Humans; Ionization; Ions; Liquid chromatography; Mass Spectrometry; mass spectrometry, purines; Methanol; Negative ions; Organic acids; Particle size; Positive ions; Purines; Scientific imaging; Separation; Spectroscopy; Supercritical fluids; Sweat; ultra‐high‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography
• ISSN: 1615-9306; 1615-9314
• DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100261

Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry methods were required to afford the rapid separation and detection of purines and small organic acids. These compounds are found in sweat and sebum and are potential biomarkers for the early detection of pressures sores. Two ultra‐high‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography‐mass spectrometry assays have been successfully developed for both classes of compounds. Separation for purines was achieved using a gradient of supercritical carbon dioxide and methanol with a 1‐aminoanthracene sub 2 μm particle size column followed by positive ion electrospray ionization. Separation for organic acids was achieved using a gradient of supercritical carbon dioxide and methanol (50 mM ammonium acetate 2% water) with a Diol sub 2 μm particle size column followed by negative ion electrospray ionization. Calibration curves were created in the absence of internal standards and R2 values > 0.96 were achieved using single ion monitoring methods for the protonated purines and the deprotonated acids. The two new assays afford rapid analytical methods for the separation and detection of potential biomarkers in human sweat leading to the early detection and prevention of pressure sores.