Olfactory threshold predicts treatment response in relapsing multiple sclerosis

Background: Olfactory threshold (OT) is associated with short-term inflammatory activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). Objective: We aimed to investigate OT for prediction of treatment response in RMS. Methods: In this 5-year prospective study on 123 RMS patients, OT was measured at disease...

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Published in:Multiple sclerosis 2022-09, Vol.28 (10), p.1541-1552
Main Authors: Bsteh, Gabriel, Hegen, Harald, Berek, Klaus, Altmann, Patrick, Auer, Michael, Di Pauli, Franziska, Haider, Lukas, Leutmezer, Fritz, Rommer, Paulus, Walchhofer, Lisa-Maria, Wurth, Sebastian, Zinganell, Anne, Deisenhammer, Florian, Berger, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Disease Progression
Humans
Inflammation
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - complications
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - complications
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - diagnostic imaging
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting - drug therapy
Olfactory thresholds
Prospective Studies
Recurrence
Regression analysis
Smell
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Summary:Background: Olfactory threshold (OT) is associated with short-term inflammatory activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). Objective: We aimed to investigate OT for prediction of treatment response in RMS. Methods: In this 5-year prospective study on 123 RMS patients, OT was measured at disease-modifying treatment (DMT) initiation (M0), after 3 months (M3), and 12 months (M12) by Sniffin’ Sticks test. Primary endpoint was defined as an absence of relapse during the observation period, with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity being the secondary endpoints. Optimal cutoff values were determined by receiver operating characteristic analyses and their predictive value assessed by multivariable Cox regression models. Results: Higher OT scores at M0, M3, and M12 were independently associated with decreased relapse probability with the strongest risk reduction at M3 (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.44, p 
ISSN:1352-4585
1477-0970
DOI:10.1177/13524585221079744