Synchronizing spermatogenesis in the mouse

The formation of spermatozoa starts with a germ-line stem cell creating a pool of progenitor cells or undifferentiated spermatogonia. There is a requirement for these progenitor cells to be stimulated by retinoic acid (RA) to enter differentiation and ultimately form spermatocytes, undergo meiosis,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology of reproduction 2022-11, Vol.107 (5), p.1159-1165
Main Authors: Griswold, Michael, Hogarth, Cathryn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell differentiation
Epithelium
Germ cells
INVITED REVIEW ARTICLE
Male
Meiosis
Mice
Progenitor cells
Retinoic acid
Sertoli Cells - metabolism
Sperm
Spermatids
Spermatids - metabolism
Spermatocytes
Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis - physiology
Spermatogonia
Spermatozoa - metabolism
Synchronization
Testis - metabolism
Tretinoin - metabolism
Tretinoin - pharmacology
Tubules
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Summary:The formation of spermatozoa starts with a germ-line stem cell creating a pool of progenitor cells or undifferentiated spermatogonia. There is a requirement for these progenitor cells to be stimulated by retinoic acid (RA) to enter differentiation and ultimately form spermatocytes, undergo meiosis, form spermatids, and ultimately spermatozoa. After the stimulation by RA, which occurs at sites in the seminiferous tubules, it takes ∼35 days to complete this complex process. As a result, the adult testis contains germ cells in all possible states of differentiation, and the isolation of individual cell types or study of functional aspects of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium is very difficult. We describe the use of WIN 18 446—an inhibitor of RA synthesis followed by injection of RA as a mechanism for the synchronization of spermatogenesis to one to three stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. The result is that only one to four germ cell types are prevalent during the first wave of spermatogenesis. In the adult only a predictable few stages of the cycle are present throughout the entire testis enriching the targeted cells or stages of the cycle. Summary Sentence Details of methods for synchronizing the germ cell development in the mouse testes. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:0006-3363
1529-7268
DOI:10.1093/biolre/ioac148