The metabolic adverse effects of antipsychotic use in individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disability: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Objective Individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disability (IDD) are often prescribed antipsychotics (APs). However, despite their known propensity to cause metabolic adverse effects, including weight gain, diabetes, and increased risk of cardiovascular events, there is currently a limi...

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Published in:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 2022-09, Vol.146 (3), p.201-214
Main Authors: Smith, Emily, Stogios, Nicolette, Au, Emily, Maksyutynska, Kateryna, De, Riddhita, Ji, Andrew, Erlang Sørensen, Mikkel, St. John, Laura, Lin, Hsiang‐Yuan, Desarkar, Pushpal, Lunsky, Yona, Remington, Gary, Hahn, Margaret, Agarwal, Sri Mahavir
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antipsychotic agents
Antipsychotics
autism spectrum disorder
Body weight gain
Cardiovascular diseases
Clinical trials
Developmental disabilities
Diabetes mellitus
Intellectual disabilities
intellectual disability
Meta-analysis
metabolic side effects of drugs and substances
Metabolism
Patients
Side effects
Systematic review
weight gain
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Summary:Objective Individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disability (IDD) are often prescribed antipsychotics (APs). However, despite their known propensity to cause metabolic adverse effects, including weight gain, diabetes, and increased risk of cardiovascular events, there is currently a limited body of literature describing the metabolic consequences of AP use in this population. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases to identify all randomized trials that reported on the metabolic effects of APs in individuals with IDD. Random effects meta‐analyses were used to examine weight gain as both a continuous and dichotomous outcome. Results Eighteen randomized trials met our inclusion criteria with a total of 1376 patients across a variety of IDDs. AP use was associated with significantly greater weight gain compared with placebo (Continuous: mean difference = 1.10 kg, [0.79, 1.40], p 
ISSN:0001-690X
1600-0447
DOI:10.1111/acps.13484