Mother’s Own Milk Compared With Formula Milk for Feeding Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: We assessed the effect of feeding preterm or low birth weight infants with infant abstract formula compared with mother's own milk on mortality, morbidity, growth, neurodevelopment, and disability. METHODS: We searched Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Central Register of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatrics (Evanston) 2022-08, Vol.150 (Supplement 1), p.S1
Main Authors: Strobel, Natalie A., Adams, Claire, McAullay, Daniel R., Edmond, Karen M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Baby foods
Birth weight
Breast milk
Breastfeeding & lactation
Cognitive ability
Enterocolitis
Feeding
Gastrointestinal diseases
Infants
Low birth weight
Meta-analysis
Milk
Morbidity
Mortality
Necrosis
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Neurodevelopment
Pediatrics
Systematic review
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Summary:OBJECTIVES: We assessed the effect of feeding preterm or low birth weight infants with infant abstract formula compared with mother's own milk on mortality, morbidity, growth, neurodevelopment, and disability. METHODS: We searched Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Studies to October 1, 2021. RESULTS: Forty-two studies enrolling 89 638 infants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We did not find evidence of an effect on mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.76), infection (OR 1.52, 95% CI 0.98–2.37), cognitive neurodevelopment (standardized mean difference 1.30, 95% CI 3.53 to 0.93), or on growth parameters. Formula milk feeding increased the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.75–5.11). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation certainty of evidence was low for mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis, and very low for neurodevelopment and growth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: In preterm and low birth weight infants, low to very low-certainty evidence indicates that feeding with infant formula compared with mother's own milk has little effect on all-cause mortality, infection, growth, or neurodevelopment, and a higher risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis.
ISSN:0031-4005
1098-4275
DOI:10.1542/peds.2022-057092D