Use of activated Chromolaena odorata biomass for the removal of crystal violet from aqueous solution: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study

In the present study, biomass from the Chromolaena odorata plant’s stem was activated using sulfuric acid to adsorb crystal violet (CV) dye. The adsorption operation of CV dye was studied considering the effect of variables like pH, initial dye concentration, time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2023-02, Vol.30 (6), p.14265-14283
Main Authors: Soosai, Michael Rahul, Moorthy, Innasi Muthu Ganesh, Varalakshmi, Perumal, Syed, Asad, Elgorban, Abdallah Mohamed, Rigby, Sean Patrick, Natesan, Sivrajasekar, Gunaseelan, Sathaiah, Joshya, Yonas Camy, Baskar, Rajoo, Kumar, Rajaram Shyam, Karthikumar, Sankar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Biomass
Chromolaena
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Gentian Violet - chemistry
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Kinetics
Research Article
Temperature
Thermodynamics
Waste Water Technology
Water
Water Management
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:In the present study, biomass from the Chromolaena odorata plant’s stem was activated using sulfuric acid to adsorb crystal violet (CV) dye. The adsorption operation of CV dye was studied considering the effect of variables like pH, initial dye concentration, time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature. The pseudo-second-order equation best fitted the kinetic study. The thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy (9.56 kJ/mol), change in Gibbs energy (81.43 to 96.7 kJ/mol), enthalpy change (6.89 kJ/mol), and entropy change (-254.4 J/mol K) were calculated. Response surface methodology estimated that at pH (4.902), adsorbent dosage (8.33 g/L), dye concentration (82.30 ppm), and temperature (300.13 K) dye removal of 97.53% is possible. FTIR, SEM, XRD, BJH, and BET confirmed adsorption operation. The adsorbent can be reused for 3 cycles effectively. Langmuir isotherm which best fitted the adsorption operation was used for designing a theoretical single-stage batch adsorber for large-scale operation.
ISSN:1614-7499
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-22822-2