Long-term hydrographic changes in the Gulf of California and ecological impacts: A crack in the World’s Aquarium?

•Jumbo squid in the Gulf of California take on a small phenotype after El Niño.•The large phenotype returned after El Niño 1997–98 but not after El Niño 2015–16.•Subsurface warming and low productivity characterized the decade before 2015–16.•These climate-driven changes also impacted many species o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Progress in oceanography 2022-08, Vol.206, p.102857, Article 102857
Main Authors: Gilly, William, Markaida, Unai, Daniel, Patrick, Frawley, Tim, Robinson, Carlos, Gómez-Gutiérrez, Jaime, Hyun, Dylan, Soliman, Jacob, Pandey, Puneeta, Rosenzweig, Lorenzo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
basins
biodiversity
body weight
Dosidicus gigas
El Nino
fisheries
Gulf of California
oceanography
phenotype
species
sports
squid
time series analysis
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Summary:•Jumbo squid in the Gulf of California take on a small phenotype after El Niño.•The large phenotype returned after El Niño 1997–98 but not after El Niño 2015–16.•Subsurface warming and low productivity characterized the decade before 2015–16.•These climate-driven changes also impacted many species of pelagic fishes.•A subsurface cooling trend has occurred since 2016, but jumbo squid remain small. Although the Gulf of California is widely recognized as a region of high productivity and biodiversity, recent oceanographic and ecological changes have had a significant impact on its overall health. We review the relevant history of the economically important fishery based on large Humboldt (jumbo flying) squid (Dosidicus gigas) (>50 cm mantle-length and 10 kg body weight) that existed in the Guaymas Basin from the 1990′s until 2009, when a strong El Niño was accompanied by precocious spawning of squid at extremely small size (
ISSN:0079-6611
1873-4472
DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102857