Prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus in Mexico, 2010–2017: analysis of 2.7 million women

• Published in: Cancer causes & control 2023-02, Vol.34 (2), p.123-132
• Main Authors: Hurtado-Salgado, Erika, Ortiz-Panozo, Eduardo, Salmerón, Jorge, Luna-Gordillo, Rufino, Allen-Leigh, Betania, Saavedra-Lara, Nenetzen, Franco, Eduardo L., Lazcano-Ponce, Eduardo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cancer; Cancer Research; Cancer screening; Cervical cancer; Cervix; Decision making; Early Detection of Cancer - methods; Epidemiology; Female; Genotype; Health risks; Hematology; Human papillomavirus; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Humans; Infections; Medical screening; Mexico - epidemiology; Oncology; Original Paper; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control; Polymerase chain reaction; Prevalence; Public Health; Regression analysis; Social exclusion; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis
• ISSN: 0957-5243; 1573-7225
• DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01642-2

Purpose Prevalence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection varies greatly. Data on distribution of hrHPV infection constitute important evidence for decision-making when implementing HPV testing into cervical cancer screening programs. We estimate the prevalence of cervical hrHPV infection in a large sample of women in a middle-income country and explore variation by age, community marginalization and region in women using public cervical cancer screening services. Methods Records covering 2010–2017 from a registry of hrHPV test results (Hybrid Capture 2 and polymerase chain reaction) in 2,737,022 women 35–64 years were analyzed. In this observational study, 32 states were categorized into five geographical regions and classified by degree of marginalization. We stratified by test type and estimated crude and adjusted prevalence and rate ratios and used Poisson models and joinpoint regression analysis. Results Prevalence was higher in women 35–39 years, at 10.4% (95% CI 10.3–10.5) and women 60–64 years, at 10.1% (95% CI 10.0–10.3). Prevalence was higher in the southeast, at 10.5% (95% CI 10.4–10.6). Women living in less marginalized areas had a significantly higher prevalence, at 10.3% (95% CI 10.2–10.4) compared to those in highly marginalized areas, at 8.7% (95% CI 8.5–8.7). HPV16 infection was detected in 0.92% (2,293/23,854) of women and HPV18 infection was detected in 0.39% (978/23,854) of women. Conclusion Understanding the distribution of HPV prevalence has value as evidence for developing policy in order to improve cervical cancer screening strategies. These results will constitute evidence to allow decision makers to better choose where to focus those resources that they do have.