Frailty index and ten oral conditions in the Coyoacan cohort study: A cross‐sectional analysis

• Published in: Gerodontology 2023-09, Vol.40 (3), p.372-381
• Main Authors: Castrejón‐Pérez, Roberto Carlos, Wanyonyi, Kristina L., García‐Vázquez, Paola E., Cruz‐Hervert, Luis Pablo, Ramírez‐Aldana, Ricardo, Borges‐Yáñez, S. Aída
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; chewing difficulties; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; dental status; Female; Frail Elderly; Frailty - epidemiology; frailty index; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Male; Mouth Diseases - epidemiology; number of teeth; Nutritional Status; older people; oral conditions; Oral Health; periodontal disease; periodontitis; utilisation of dentures; xerostomia; Xerostomia - complications; Xerostomia - epidemiology
• ISSN: 0734-0664; 1741-2358
• DOI: 10.1111/ger.12665

Objectives To analyse the relationship between the Frailty Index and 10 oral conditions controlling for nutritional status among Mexican community‐dwelling older people. Background Studies suggest that the association between frailty and oral conditions are mediated by nutrition. Materials and methods This cross‐sectional analysis includes 487 community‐dwelling men and women aged ≥70 years old. Interview and clinical examinations were performed at participants' homes. Objective (number of natural teeth, root remnants, dental condition, utilisation and functionality of removable dental prostheses and periodontitis) and subjective (utilisation of dental services, self‐rated oral health, chewing difficulties and xerostomia) oral variables were collected by trained personnel. The Frailty Index was calculated considering 35 deficits. Nutritional status measured with the Mini‐Nutritional assessment (MNA), age, sex, education, and marital status were included as covariates. We fitted 11 multivariate generalised linear models (one for each oral condition), assuming gamma distribution for Frailty Index as the outcome. Results Participants average age was 78.1 years, 52.1% were women. We observed a higher Frailty Index among those rating their oral health as worse than others their age (5.1%), reporting chewing difficulties often (4.9%) and fairly and very often (7.0%), and xerostomia (4.8%). Age, gender and MNA were consistently associated with the Frailty Index. Conclusion Subjective oral conditions are compatible with the Frailty Index after controlling for older people's nutritional status and covariates.