Cost-benefit analysis of rotavirus vaccine included in the national immunization program in China

• Published in: Vaccine 2023-01, Vol.41 (2), p.547-554
• Main Authors: Chen, Shuning, Gao, Shenghui, Li, Jingxin, Li, Jingsong, Duan, Zhao-jun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Child; Children & youth; China; Cost benefit analysis; Cost estimates; Cost-benefit national immunization program China; Decision trees; Diarrhea; Dosage; Economic impact; Epidemiology; Gastroenteritis; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Humans; Immunization; Immunization Programs; Infant; Infections; Licensed products; Licenses; Markov chains; Mortality; Productivity; Quality of life; Rotavirus; Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control; Rotavirus vaccine; Rotavirus Vaccines; Vaccination; Vaccines; Viruses
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.074

Globally, rotavirus is a leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis among children aged under 5 years and has a significant economic cost. Currently, rotavirus vaccines are only included in the private market in China. This study aimed to assess the cost-benefit of including a three-dose rotavirus vaccine in China’s National Immunization Program (NIP). A decision tree Markov model was constructed to evaluate the cost-benefit of universal immunization with three doses of rotavirus vaccine for a 2019 birth cohort of Chinese children. Costs of the universal vaccination program included vaccine price, vaccine wastage, vaccine administration, and indirect costs. All costs were discounted at 3 % per year and converted from 2019 Chinese Yuan to 2019 USD using the 2019 exchange rate. For the 2019 birth cohort of Chinese infants, inclusion of RotaTeq in NIP was estimated to prevent 5,677,911 cases of rotavirus infection, with net savings of $1.1 billion in total societal costs. A cost of $17.55 per vaccine dose was the threshold at which inclusion of rotavirus vaccine in NIP would be cost-saving. Introducing rotavirus vaccine into the China NIP would have significant costs from a societal perspective at the current private market price.