Validation of a novel large animal intra-articular tibial plafond fracture model

Large animal fracture models that allow for anatomic fracture fixation are currently lacking. It was hypothesized that a compressed air impaction system can generate a reproducible tibial plafond fracture and be adjustable to create fractures consistent with high and low energy fractures seen in hum...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical biomechanics (Bristol) 2023-01, Vol.101, p.105854-105854, Article 105854
Main Authors: DeKeyser, Graham J., Thorne, Tyler, Olsen, Aaron, Haller, Justin M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal model
Animals
Ankle Fractures - surgery
Fracture Fixation
Fracture Fixation, Internal
Humans
Intra-articular fracture (IAF)
Pilon fracture
Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA)
Retrospective Studies
Swine
Tibial Fractures - surgery
Tibial plafond
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Summary:Large animal fracture models that allow for anatomic fracture fixation are currently lacking. It was hypothesized that a compressed air impaction system can generate a reproducible tibial plafond fracture and be adjustable to create fractures consistent with high and low energy fractures seen in humans. Pilot testing of the impaction system was done by impacting polyurethane foam blocks at varying compressed air pressures. A guillotine impaction test was performed on the same foam blocks to create an energy conversion. A total of 12 porcine hindlimb hindlimbs were subjected to low-energy (42.2 J) and high-energy (73.9 J) impact to create tibial plafond fractures. Guillotine impaction test demonstrated strong correlations between potential energy and foam block impaction depth (R2 = 0.99). Compressed air impaction system test strongly correlated with foam block impaction depth (R2 = 0.99). All six porcine hindlimbs in the low-energy group developed simple coronal split tibial plafond fractures. All six porcine hindlimbs in the high-energy group developed complex, multi-fragmentary tibial plafond fractures. This porcine fracture model created tibial plafond fracture patterns with similar fracture morphology as human patients without violation of the soft tissue structures or adjacent joints. This model would allow for anatomic fixation, the study of post-traumatic osteoarthritis, or the delivery of locally targeted therapeutics to the ankle joint. •Model can create tibial plafond fractures•Model can create high and low energy fracture patterns•Model preserves soft tissue and surrounding joints
ISSN:0268-0033
1879-1271
DOI:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105854