Detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG in human milk and breastfeeding infant stool 6 months after maternal COVID-19 vaccination

Objective Assess presence, durability, and neutralization capacity of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in breastfeeding infants’ stool, mother’s plasma and milk following maternal vaccination. Design Thirty-seven mothers and 25 infants were enrolled between December 2020 and November 2021 for this pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of perinatology 2023-06, Vol.43 (6), p.775-781
Main Authors: Stafford, Lauren Stewart, Valcarce, Vivian, Henry, Matthew, Neu, Josef, Parker, Leslie, Mueller, Martina, Vicuna, Valeria, Gowen, Taylor, Cato, Emilee, Kosik, Ivan, Yewdell, Jonathan Wilson, Atkinson, Mark, Cacho, Nicole, Li, Nan, Larkin, Joseph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Antibodies
Babies
Breast feeding
Breast milk
Breastfeeding & lactation
COVID-19 vaccines
Durability
Immunization
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Infants
Lactation
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Milk
Neutralization
Pediatric Surgery
Pediatrics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vaccines
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Summary:Objective Assess presence, durability, and neutralization capacity of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in breastfeeding infants’ stool, mother’s plasma and milk following maternal vaccination. Design Thirty-seven mothers and 25 infants were enrolled between December 2020 and November 2021 for this prospective observational study. All mothers were vaccinated during lactation except three, which were vaccinated during pregnancy. Milk, maternal plasma, and infants’ stool was collected pre-vaccination and at periods up to 6 months following COVID-19 vaccine series initiation/completion. SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and their neutralization capacities were assessed. Results SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG levels were higher in infant stool post-maternal vaccination amongst milk-fed compared to controls. Maternal SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG concentrations decreased over 6 months post-vaccination but remained higher than pre-vaccination levels. We observed improved neutralization capacity in milk and plasma after COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusions The presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in infant stool following maternal vaccination offers further evidence of the lasting transfer of these antibodies through breastfeeding.
ISSN:0743-8346
1476-5543
DOI:10.1038/s41372-022-01581-5