Spatial and Temporal Variations and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Fractions in Sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, Southern China

Sequential extraction was used to study the mobility and ecological risk of chemical fractions of six heavy metals in sediments collected from the Pearl River Delta (PRE) in China. Results revealed that residual fractions (F4) were the dominant forms for Cr and Ni in surface sediments, indicating th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2023-04, Vol.84 (3), p.389-399
Main Authors: Ye, Zhiping, Chen, Jianyao, Liang, Zuobing, Li, Shaoheng, Li, Rui, Gao, Lei, Jin, Guangzhe, Shimizu, Yuta, Onodera, Shin-ichi, Saito, Mitsuyo, Gopalakrishnan, Gnanachandrasamy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic environment
Bioavailability
Cadmium
China
Chromium
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Environmental risk
Estuaries
Geologic Sediments
Heavy metals
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Mobility
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Pollution
Reduction (metal working)
Risk Assessment
Rivers
Sediments
Sewage
Soil Science & Conservation
Temporal variations
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
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Summary:Sequential extraction was used to study the mobility and ecological risk of chemical fractions of six heavy metals in sediments collected from the Pearl River Delta (PRE) in China. Results revealed that residual fractions (F4) were the dominant forms for Cr and Ni in surface sediments, indicating that they were primarily stable in nature and had low bioavailability and ecotoxicity. Cd had a high environmental risk owing to its higher availability in acid-soluble fraction (F1), whereas Pb occurred predominantly in the reducible fraction (F2) in surface sediments. The profile variations of bioavailable fractions were generally consistent with socioeconomic development in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). A decreasing trend after 2006 suggested a reduction in heavy metal bioavailable fractions owing to the removal of heavy polluting industries and the effective control of sewage discharge. The risk assessment code suggested that the high mobility of Cd posed an extremely high risk and a threat to the aquatic environment.
ISSN:0090-4341
1432-0703
DOI:10.1007/s00244-023-00995-2