Endotracheal nebulization of gold nanoparticles for noninvasive pulmonary drug delivery

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are useful tools for noninvasive drug delivery. AuNP nebulization has shown poor deposition results, and AuNP tracking postadministration has involved methods inapplicable to clinical settings. The authors propose an intratracheal delivery method for minimal AuNP loss and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomedicine (London, England) England), 2023-02, Vol.18 (4), p.317-330
Main Authors: Urso, Andreacarola, Meloni, Federica, Malatesta, Manuela, Latorre, Rocco, Damoci, Christopher, Crapanzano, John, Pandolfi, Laura, Giustra, Marco Davide, Pearson, Myles, Colombo, Miriam, Schilling, Kathrin, Glabonjat, Ronald A, D'Ovidio, Frank
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
computed tomography tracking
drug delivery
Drug Delivery Systems
Gold
gold nanoparticles
Humans
Lung
lung disease
Metal Nanoparticles
nebulization
precision medicine
Rats
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Summary:Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are useful tools for noninvasive drug delivery. AuNP nebulization has shown poor deposition results, and AuNP tracking postadministration has involved methods inapplicable to clinical settings. The authors propose an intratracheal delivery method for minimal AuNP loss and computed tomography scans for noninvasive tracking. Through high-frequency and directed nebulization postendotracheal intubation, the authors treated rats with AuNPs. The study showed a dose-dependent and bilateral distribution of AuNPs causing no short-term distress to the animal or risk of airway inflammation. The study demonstrated that AuNPs do not deposit in abdominal organs and show targeted delivery to human lung fibroblasts, offering a specific and noninvasive strategy for respiratory diseases requiring long-term therapies. This study presents an alternative method for drug delivery involving gold nanoparticle aerosolization directly into the major airways. Direct nebulization prevents particle loss and avoids drug administration through the blood. The particles can be detected successfully via upper body scans, which are noninvasive and allow for on-demand monitoring. Nanoparticles are flexible tools that can be modified to target specific cells of interest and can be excreted upon completion of their function. These results could represent an alternative method of drug administration in patients needing repeated cytotoxic therapies with known off-target effects.
ISSN:1743-5889
1748-6963
DOI:10.2217/nnm-2022-0179