Double-photoelectrode redox desalination of seawater

• Published in: Water research (Oxford) 2023-07, Vol.239, p.120051-120051, Article 120051
• Main Authors: Wang, Xing, liang, Mengjun, Zhang, Jiancong, Chen, Xuncai, Zaw, Mono, Oo, Than Zaw, Lwin, Nyein Wint, Aung, Su Htike, Chen, Yuan, Chen, Fuming
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Dye-sensitized solar cell; NiO photocathode; Oxidation-Reduction; Redox flow desalination; Seawater; Sodium Chloride; Sunlight; TiO2 photoanode; Water Purification
• ISSN: 0043-1354; 1879-2448
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120051

•The first redox desalination device with tandem double-photoelectrodes.•Efficient desalination under light illumination without other energy inputs.•High NaCl removal rate and efficiency from brackish water.•Direct desalination of natural seawater to freshwater. High energy consumption and low salt removal rate are key barriers to realizing practical electrochemical seawater desalination processes. Here, we demonstrate a novel solar-driven redox flow desalination device with double photoelectrodes to achieve efficient desalination without electrical energy consumption. The device consists of three parts: one photoanode unit, one photocathode unit, and one redox flow desalination unit sandwiched between the two photoelectrode units. The photoelectrode units include a TiO2 photoanode and a NiO photocathode sensitized with N719 dye, triiodide/iodide redox electrolyte, and graphite paper integrated electrodes decorated with 3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene. Two salt feeds are located between two ferro/ferricyanide redox flow chambers. Under light illumination, high-quality freshwater is obtained from brackish water containing different concentrations of NaCl from 1000 to 12,000 ppm with a high NaCl removal rate. The device can work in multiple desalination cycles without significant performance declines. Furthermore, natural seawater with an ionic conductivity of 53.45 mS cm−1 is desalinated to freshwater. This new design opens opportunities to realize efficient and practical solar-driven desalination processes. [Display omitted]