An efficient and adsorption of methylene blue dye on a natural clay surface: modeling and equilibrium studies

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2024-11, Vol.31 (53), p.62065-62079
• Main Authors: El-Habacha, Mohamed, Dabagh, Abdelkader, Lagdali, Salek, Miyah, Youssef, Mahmoudy, Guellaa, Sinan, Fouad, Chiban, Mohamed, Iaich, Soulaiman, Zerbet, Mohamed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption spectroscopy; Adsorbents; Adsorption; Aquatic Pollution; Aqueous solutions; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Cationic dyes; Charge materials; Chemical composition; Clay; Clay - chemistry; Color removal; Coloring Agents - chemistry; Differential thermal analysis; Dyes; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Endothermic reactions; Energy charge; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Fourier analysis; Fourier transforms; Gravimetric analysis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infrared absorption; Infrared analysis; Infrared spectroscopy; Isotherms; Kinetics; Methylene blue; Methylene Blue - chemistry; New Advanced Water Treatment Techniques and Pollution Assessment; Parameter identification; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Thermal analysis; Thermodynamics; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; Water Pollution Control; Water Purification - methods; X ray spectrometers; X-Ray Diffraction
• ISSN: 1614-7499; 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27413-3

The present research work revolves around the evaluation of the elimination of the cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution by the exploitation of natural clay (TMG) from South-East Morocco. Several physicochemical techniques were used to characterize our TMG adsorbate, namely, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, and zero charge point (pHpzc). The morphological properties and elemental composition of our material were identified using scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The batch technique was used under different operating conditions to produce quantitative adsorption, namely, the amount of adsorbent, dye concentration, contact time, pH, and solution temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity of MB on TMG was 81.185 mg g −1 for a concentration of 100 mg L −1 MB at pH initial = 6.43 (no initial adjustment of the pH-value was performed), temperature 293 K, and 1 g L −1 adsorbent. The adsorption data were examined by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The Langmuir isotherm provides the best correlation with the experimental data, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model is more appropriate for the adsorption of the MB dye. The thermodynamic study of MB adsorption indicates that the process is physical, endothermic, and spontaneous. The Box-Behnken method was applied to identify the optimal conditions for MB removal in the design of batch experiments. The parameters examined result in >99% removal. The TMG material’s regeneration cycles and low cost ($0.393 per gram) show that it is both environmentally friendly and very effective for dye removal in the various textile sectors.