Investigation of Bone Regeneration Efficacy of New Bovine Bone Minerals in a Canine Mandibular Critical Defect Model

• Published in: Advanced healthcare materials 2023-09, Vol.12 (22), p.e2202942-n/a
• Main Authors: Park, Sung‐Jin, Rahman, Md. Mahbubur, Lee, Jaebum, Kang, Suk‐Woong, Kim, Sokho
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomedical materials; Bone biomaterials; Bone growth; Bone healing; bovine bone minerals; Cancellous bone; Cattle; Computed tomography; critical defects; Defects; Fractures; Hydroxyapatite; Mandible; Microstructure; moldable bones; preclinical trials; Radiography; Regeneration; Regeneration (physiology)
• ISSN: 2192-2640; 2192-2659
• DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202942

This study aims to investigate the bone regeneration effect of bovine hydroxyapatite‐processed biomaterials Bone‐XB and S1‐XB in a beagle mandibular defect model. A total of four saddle‐type critical sizes (15 mm × 10 mm) bone defects are created in each dog: two defects in the left mandible and two defects in the right mandible. The defect control (DC) group is kept unfilled, and the other three defects are filled with three different biomaterials as follows: positive control Bio‐Oss (Bio‐Oss group), Bone‐XB (XB group), and S1‐XB (S1‐XB group). Bone regeneration is evaluated by radiography, micro‐computed tomography, and histological analysis. It is revealed that Bone‐XB and S1‐XB significantly increase newly formed bone, defect filling percentage, and bone healing score compared to the DC group, which is confirmed by bone microstructure augmentation (bone volume/total volume, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness). Interestingly, no significant differences are observed between the Bone‐XB, S1‐XB, and Bio‐Oss groups. It is suggested that Bone‐XB or S1‐XB stimulates bone regeneration demonstrated by the increase in newly formed bone and bone microstructure, thereby improving bone defect filling, which is equivalent to the Bio‐Oss. Therefore, bovine hydroxyapatite‐processed Bone‐XB or S1‐XB can be considered effective biomaterials for correcting critical‐size bone defects or fractures. A critical‐size mandibular bone defect model in beagles is used to investigate the bone regeneration effects of the Bone‐XB and S1‐XB biomaterials compared with Bio‐Oss. The bovine‐derived biomaterial Bone‐XB or S1‐XB has a high porosity for new bone formation and can be considered an effective biomaterial for correcting critical‐size bone defects or fractures in the mandible and large bone defects.