Dietary Carbohydrate and Fat Intakes and Risk of Mortality in the Japanese Population: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study

• Published in: The Journal of nutrition 2023-08, Vol.153 (8), p.2352-2368
• Main Authors: Tamura, Takashi, Wakai, Kenji, Kato, Yasufumi, Tamada, Yudai, Kubo, Yoko, Okada, Rieko, Nagayoshi, Mako, Hishida, Asahi, Imaeda, Nahomi, Goto, Chiho, Ikezaki, Hiroaki, Otonari, Jun, Hara, Megumi, Tanaka, Keitaro, Nakamura, Yohko, Kusakabe, Miho, Ibusuki, Rie, Koriyama, Chihaya, Oze, Isao, Ito, Hidemi, Suzuki, Sadao, Nakagawa-Senda, Hiroko, Ozaki, Etsuko, Matsui, Daisuke, Kuriki, Kiyonori, Kondo, Keiko, Takashima, Naoyuki, Watanabe, Takeshi, Katsuura-Kamano, Sakurako, Matsuo, Keitaro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Cancer; Carbohydrates; Cohort analysis; cohort study; Diet; dietary intake; Energy intake; Health risks; Japanese population; Men; Mortality; Mortality risk; Oils & fats; Risk; Risk factors; Women
• ISSN: 0022-3166; 1541-6100
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.027

Previous cohort studies have yielded contradictory findings regarding the associations of dietary carbohydrate and fat intakes with risks of mortality. We examined long-term associations of carbohydrate and fat intakes with mortality. In this cohort study, 34,893 men and 46,440 women aged 35–69 y (mean body mass index of 23.7 and 22.2 kg/m2, respectively) were followed up from the baseline survey (2004–2014) to the end of 2017 or 2018. Intakes of carbohydrate, fat, and total energy were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to percentage of energy intakes of carbohydrate and fat. During a mean 8.9-y follow-up, we identified 2783 deaths (1838 men and 945 women). Compared with men who consumed 50% to