Climate warming interacts with other global change drivers to influence plant phenology: A meta‐analysis of experimental studies

Shifts in plant phenology influence ecosystem structures and functions, yet how multiple global change drivers interact to affect phenology remains elusive. We conducted a meta‐analysis of 242 published articles to assess interactions between warming (W) and other global change drivers including nit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecology letters 2023-08, Vol.26 (8), p.1370-1381
Main Authors: Zhou, Huimin, Min, Xueting, Chen, Jianghui, Lu, Chunyan, Huang, Yixuan, Zhang, Zhenhua, Liu, Huiying
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antagonistic interaction
Carbon dioxide
Climate change
Coloring
drought
elevated CO2
Flowering
Global warming
increased precipitation
Leaves
Meta-analysis
Nitrogen
nitrogen addition
Phenology
plant phenology
Plants (botany)
Precipitation
synergistic interaction
warming
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Summary:Shifts in plant phenology influence ecosystem structures and functions, yet how multiple global change drivers interact to affect phenology remains elusive. We conducted a meta‐analysis of 242 published articles to assess interactions between warming (W) and other global change drivers including nitrogen addition (N), increased precipitation (IP), decreased precipitation (DP) and elevated CO2 (eCO2) on multiple phenophases in experimental studies. We show that leaf out and first flowering were most strongly affected by warming, while warming and decreased precipitation were the most pronounced drivers for leaf colouring. Moreover, interactions between warming and other global change drivers were common and both synergistic and antagonistic interactions were observed: interactions W + IP and W + eCO2 were frequently synergistic, whereas interactions W + N and W + DP were mostly antagonistic. These findings demonstrate that global change drivers often affect plant phenology interactively. Incorporating the multitude of interactions into models is crucial for accurately predicting plant responses to global changes. The interactions between warming and other global change drivers on plant phenology were common and both synergistic and antagonistic interactions were observed: interactions W + IP and W + eCO2 were frequently synergistic, whereas interactions W + N and W + DP were mostly antagonistic.
ISSN:1461-023X
1461-0248
DOI:10.1111/ele.14259