Bacterial enzymes: powerful tools for protein labeling, cell signaling, and therapeutic discovery

Bacterial enzymes have been exploited as powerful tools to install post-translational modification derivatives to intact proteins for protein bioconjugation in vitro and in vivo.Bacterial enzymes have been used as tags for selective in vivo chemical protein labeling.Bacterial biotin ligases have bee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in biotechnology (Regular ed.) 2023-11, Vol.41 (11), p.1385-1399
Main Authors: Liu, Lu, Gray, Janine L., Tate, Edward W., Yang, Aimin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Bacteria
bacterial enzymes
Biology
biotechnology
Cell signaling
CRISPR
Enzymes
Immune system
in vivo labeling
Labeling
Ligands
Peptide mapping
Peptides
Proteins
proximity labeling
Signal transduction
signaling pathways
site-specific bioconjugation
therapeutic applications
therapeutics
Transfer RNA
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Summary:Bacterial enzymes have been exploited as powerful tools to install post-translational modification derivatives to intact proteins for protein bioconjugation in vitro and in vivo.Bacterial enzymes have been used as tags for selective in vivo chemical protein labeling.Bacterial biotin ligases have been engineered for proximity labeling and interactome mapping in living systems.Bacterial enzymes have delineated host signaling pathways that are less amenable to being investigated with classical biological methods.Bacterial enzymes have been explored as therapeutic agents for novel disease treatment. Bacteria have evolved a diverse set of enzymes that enable them to subvert host defense mechanisms as well as to form part of the prokaryotic immune system. Due to their unique and varied biochemical activities, these bacterial enzymes have emerged as key tools for understanding and investigating biological systems. In this review, we summarize and discuss some of the most prominent bacterial enzymes used for the site-specific modification of proteins, in vivo protein labeling, proximity labeling, interactome mapping, signaling pathway manipulation, and therapeutic discovery. Finally, we provide a perspective on the complementary advantages and limitations of using bacterial enzymes compared with chemical probes for exploring biological systems.
ISSN:0167-7799
1879-3096
DOI:10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.05.004