Measurement of the force required to move a neurosurgical probe through in vivo human brain tissue

The advent of high-precision magnetic and robotic computer-controlled neurosurgery systems makes it necessary to determine the range of forces that will be encountered by the probes of such devices as they are guided through the brain tissues to intraparenchymal targets. The authors have measured th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering 1999-07, Vol.46 (7), p.891-894
Main Authors: Howard, M.A., Abkes, B.A., Ollendieck, M.C., Noh, M.D., Ritter, C., Gillies, G.T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomedical materials
Brain
Brain - surgery
Catheterization
Catheters
Computer control systems
Drag
Epilepsy - surgery
Equipment Design
Force measurement
Friction
Humans
In vivo
In vivo testing
In vivo tests
Mechanical properties
Medical sciences
Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery - instrumentation
Neurosurgery - methods
Penetration
Probes
Robotics
Robots
Skull, brain, vascular surgery
Stereotaxic Techniques
Surgery
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Surgical implants
Therapy, Computer-Assisted
Tissue
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Summary:The advent of high-precision magnetic and robotic computer-controlled neurosurgery systems makes it necessary to determine the range of forces that will be encountered by the probes of such devices as they are guided through the brain tissues to intraparenchymal targets. The authors have measured the penetration forces on 2.5-mm spheres and the drag forces on 3.0-mm ventricular shunt catheters advanced 2.0-3.5 cm deep into in vivo human brain tissues (in patients about to have those tissues resected during epilepsy surgery) at rates of /spl ap/0.33 mm s/sup -1/. Penetration forces of (8/spl plusmn/2) grams were found for the spherical probe once it passed 0.5 cm below the cortical surface, and frictional drags of (2.8/spl plusmn/0.3) grams cm/sup -1/ were exerted on the catheters. The variable nature of these forces is discussed and the results are compared with earlier studies on experimental animal tissues and brain phantom gelatins. The implications of these results for magnetic and robotic surgery systems are considered.
ISSN:0018-9294
1558-2531
DOI:10.1109/10.771205