Propagation measurements for fixed wireless loops (FWL) in a suburban region with foliage and terrain blockages

We present the results of propagation measurements at 2.485 GHz for fixed wireless loops. Path loss measurements were performed and characterized at 43 subscriber locations around a base station antenna located on top of Crawford Hill in Holmdel, NJ. This suburban location is characterized by rollin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on wireless communications 2002-04, Vol.1 (2), p.302-310
Main Authors: Gans, M.J., Amitay, N., Yeh, Y.S., Damen, T.C., Valenzuela, R.A., Choelhang Cheon, Jeho Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antenna measurements
Antennas
Antennas and propagation
Applied sciences
Base stations
Blocking
Delay
Diffraction
Diffraction, scattering, reflection
Directive antennas
Exact sciences and technology
Fluctuations
Foliage
Loss measurement
Performance evaluation
Radiocommunications
Radiowave propagation
Scattering
Spreads
Stations
Telecommunications
Telecommunications and information theory
Terrain
Trees
Wireless communication
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Summary:We present the results of propagation measurements at 2.485 GHz for fixed wireless loops. Path loss measurements were performed and characterized at 43 subscriber locations around a base station antenna located on top of Crawford Hill in Holmdel, NJ. This suburban location is characterized by rolling hills, foliage, and terrain blockages. Temporal and horizontal motion path loss fluctuations were found to be uncorrelated, each characterized by a different Ricean distribution. Lower r.m.s. delay spreads were obtained with directive subscriber antennas than with omni-directional antennas. No substantial gain loss (less than 2 dB) of subscribers' directive antennas was observed. The effects of trees, with foliage, surrounding the base station upon the path loss and the ratio of scattered power to specular power are also examined. The distance exponent of path loss versus distance (about 1.5) was observed to be less than free-space. Diffraction loss from hilltop trees, shadowing the base station, are suspected to be the cause. This loss decreases as the remote moves further away and comes out of the shadow. Scattered power from directions other than line-of-sight was observed to be as high as one half of the specular contribution when tree scattering near the base station was significant.
ISSN:1536-1276
1558-2248
DOI:10.1109/7693.994824