Development of recycled and miniaturized electroanalytical sensor: Probing isoniazid determination in environmental water matrices

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) 2023-11, Vol.341, p.140030-140030, Article 140030
• Main Authors: Aquino de Queiroz, Jorge Leandro, Medeiros, Leonardo Gomes, Augusto da Silva, Kayky, Fontes Galvão, Felipe Mendonça, Oliveira do Nascimento, José Heriberto, Martínez-Huitle, Carlos Alberto, Castro, Pollyana Souza
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Au microelectrode array; circular economy; computers; detection limit; Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide; electrochemistry; electron microscopy; Emerging pollutant determination; gold; graphene oxide; green chemistry; isoniazid; light microscopy; microelectrodes; Modified electrode; rivers; Sensor; surface water; tap water; voltammetry; water pollution
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140030

Surface water pollution has become relevant because growing population and intense industrial activities. Thus, to protect the environment from contamination, recently the electroanalytical sensors that require small sample volume and easy preparation have shown a prominent performance for pharmaceuticals monitoring. For this purpose, a miniaturized electrochemical platform was developed based on recycling obsolete computer integrated circuits (microchips), fitting with the ideals of green chemistry and circular economy. The gold microelectrodes array (Au-μEA) was easily exposed by polishing the device surface and then characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. To enhance the analytical performance for isoniazid detection, the Au-μEA was modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO). The developed sensor presented a linear range between 5 and 100 μmol L−1 and a limit of detection of 1.38 μmol L−1 demonstrating a reliable performance. Looking to its environmental application, the ERGO/Au-μEA sensor was used for isoniazid quantification in lagoon, river, tap water and synthetic effluent spiked samples with recovery values between 92.5 and 108.4%. Thus, this research field opens up new possibilities in global water-related issues contributing with innovative sustainable solutions. [Display omitted] •An electrochemical platform based on recycled computer microchips was developed.•The platform was modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO).•The platform was applied to isoniazid quantification in environmental water samples.•Isoniazid analysis required small sample volume and pre-treatment.