Prevalence of oncogenic driver mutations in Hispanics/Latin patients with lung cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Netherlands), 2023-11, Vol.185, p.107378, Article 107378
• Main Authors: Parra-Medina, Rafael, Castañeda-González, Juan Pablo, Montoya, Luisa, Paula Gómez-Gómez, María, Clavijo Cabezas, Daniel, Plazas Vargas, Merideidy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ALK; Cancer; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - epidemiology; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - genetics; EGFR; ErbB Receptors - genetics; Hispanic or Latino - genetics; Humans; KRAS; Latin America; Lung; Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology; Lung Neoplasms - genetics; Mutation; Oncogenes; Prevalence; ROS1; White
• ISSN: 0169-5002; 1872-8332; 1872-8332
• DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107378

•The Latin American population has a heterogeneous mix of Amerindian, African, and Caucasian ancestries with different proportions in different regions.•In the Latin American region, molecular testing and treatment for NSCLC is limited since there are several challenges to the implementation of diagnostics and therapy.•The overall mutation frequency for EGFR was 22%. The most frequent mutations in the EGFR gene were del19 (10%) and L858R (7%) among the entire population.•The mean of KRAS mutation was a 14% prevalence. KRASG12C was the most frequent mutation with a 7% prevalence in an entire population.•The overall frequency of ALK rearrangement was 5%. The mean frequency of ROS-1 rearrangement was 2%, and the frequencies of HER-2, MET, BRAF, RET, NTRK molecular alterations were 4%, 3%, 2%, 2%, and 1% respectively.•The prevalence of driver mutations in Latin American patients e.g., EGFR and KRAS, differs from what has been reported in Asians and Europeans. Countries with a high proportion of Amerindian ancestries show a higher prevalence of EGFR in contrast to countries with a high proportion of Caucasians. The frequency of actionable mutations varies between races, and Hispanic/Latino (H/L) people are a population with different proportions of ancestry. Our purpose was to establish prevalence of actionable mutations in the H/L population with NSCLC. EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, and Virtual Health Library were searched for studies published up to April 2023 that evaluated the prevalence of ALK, BRAF, EGFR, HER-2, KRAS, MET, NTRK, RET, ROS1 in H/L patients. Meta-analyses were done to determine prevalence using a random effects model. Fifty-five articles were included. EGFR and KRAS were the most prevalent genes with high heterogeneity across the countries. The overall mutation frequency for EGFR was 22%. The most frequent mutations in the EGFR gene were del19 (10%) and L858R (7%). The mean of KRAS mutation was a 14% prevalence. KRASG12C was the most frequent mutation with a 7% prevalence in an entire population. The overall frequency of ALK rearrangement was 5%. The mean frequency of ROS-1 rearrangement was 2%, and the frequencies of HER-2, MET, BRAF, RET, NTRK molecular alterations were 4%, 3%, 2%, 2%, and 1% respectively. Almost half of the cases were male, and 65.8% had a history of tobacco exposure. The most common clinical stage was IV. The prevalence of driver mutations such as EGFR and KRAS in LA populations differs from what is reported in Asians and Eur