Clinical utility of a cytomegalovirus-specific T cell assay in assessing the risk of post-prophylaxis cytomegalovirus infection and post-treatment relapse

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes significant morbidity in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Measuring cell-mediated immunity (CMI) may inform the risk of CMV infection after antiviral prophylaxis and predict relapse after CMV treatment. We serially assessed CMV CMI using the QuantiFERON-CMV assa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical transplantation 2023-12, Vol.37 (12), p.e15143-e15143
Main Authors: Dioverti, Maria Veronica, Bhaimia, Eric, Yetmar, Zachary A, Melendez, Dante P, Misner, Lori, Beito, Elaine, Deziel, Paul J, Theel, Elitza S, Razonable, Raymund R
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes significant morbidity in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Measuring cell-mediated immunity (CMI) may inform the risk of CMV infection after antiviral prophylaxis and predict relapse after CMV treatment. We serially assessed CMV CMI using the QuantiFERON-CMV assay (QF-CMV; Qiagen, Germantown, MD) in two cohorts of SOTRs: during valganciclovir prophylaxis and during treatment of CMV viremia. Results of CMI were correlated with post-prophylaxis CMV infection and post-treatment relapse, respectively. Only one (4.2%) of 24 CMV D+/R- patients demonstrated positive QF-CMV by the end of valganciclovir prophylaxis. Four (16.6%) patients developed post-prophylaxis CMV infection; all four had undetectable QF-CMV at end of prophylaxis. Among 20 patients treated for CMV infection, 18 (90%) developed QF-CMV levels >.2 IU/mL by end of antiviral treatment and none developed CMV relapse. In contrast, the single patient who relapsed after completing treatment had a CMV CMI 
ISSN:0902-0063
1399-0012
DOI:10.1111/ctr.15143