Desulfurization of transportation fuels by π-complexation sorbents: Cu(I)-, Ni(II)-, and Zn(II)-zeolites

New π-complexation-based sorbents were studied for desulfurization of diesel, gasoline, and jet fuels. The sorbents were obtained by ion exchanging faujasite type zeolites with Cu+, Ni2+ or Zn2+ cations using different techniques, including liquid phase ion exchange (LPIE). Hydrolysis of the cations...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied catalysis. B, Environmental Environmental, 2005-03, Vol.56 (1-2), p.111-126
Main Authors: Hernández-Maldonado, Arturo J., Yang, Frances H., Qi, Gongshin, Yang, Ralph T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Benzothiophenes
Desulfurization
Dibenzothiophenes
Pi-complexation
Transportation fuels
Zeolite
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Summary:New π-complexation-based sorbents were studied for desulfurization of diesel, gasoline, and jet fuels. The sorbents were obtained by ion exchanging faujasite type zeolites with Cu+, Ni2+ or Zn2+ cations using different techniques, including liquid phase ion exchange (LPIE). Hydrolysis of the cations in aqueous solutions should be avoided in order to increase the ion exchange level when aqueous solutions are used. Cation hydrolysis limitation could be avoided when vapor phase (VPIE) and solid-state (SSIE) ion exchange techniques are used instead. The deep-desulfurization (sulfur levels of Ni(II)-Y(SSIE) > Ni(II)-X(LPIE) > Zn(II)-X(LPIE) > Zn(II)-Y(LPIE). Molecular orbital calculations indicate the sorbents performance decreases as follows: Cu+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+. This agrees well with the experimental results. The best sorbent, Cu(I)-Y(VPIE), has breakthrough adsorption capacities of 0.395 and 0.278mmolS/g of sorbent for commercial jet fuel (364.1ppmwS) and diesel (297.2ppmwS), respectively.
ISSN:0926-3373
1873-3883
DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2004.06.023