Neurocognition and social cognition in youth and young adults at ultra-high-risk for psychosis and bipolar disorder

• Published in: Schizophrenia research 2024-04, Vol.266, p.58-65
• Main Authors: Bora, E., Eyuboglu, M.S., Cesim, E., Demir, M., Yalincetin, B., Ermis, C., Özbek Uzman, S., Sut, E., Demirlek, C., Verim, B., Baykara, B., Akay, A., İnal, N., Akdede, B.B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Bipolar; Bipolar Disorder; Clinical high risk; Cognition; Executive Function; Humans; Neurocognition; Neuropsychological Tests; Psychosis; Psychotic Disorders - psychology; Social Cognition; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0920-9964; 1573-2509
• DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.02.012

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are associated with significant deficits in neurocognition and social cognition. Unlike the studies in chronic stages of these disorders, very limited information is available regarding neurocognitive and social-cognitive impairment before the onset of bipolar disorder. Our main aim was to investigate the differences in neurocognition and social cognition between individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR-P) and bipolar disorder (UHR-BD). This study included 152 help-seeking individuals identified as UHR-P (n = 78) and UHR-BD (n = 74), who were compared with a healthy control group (n = 43). A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered to all participants. UHR-P was associated with widespread deficits in all neurocognitive and social-cognitive domains. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) of these deficits ranged from −0.57 to −1.34. UHR-BD was associated with significant deficits in processing speed, executive functions, sustained attention and social cognition (d = −0.48 to-0.70, p