Measurement of heat flux from steaming ground

The total thermal flux at the surface of ‘steaming ground’ consists of a convective and a conductive component, even in the absence of any visible steam discharge at the surface. The total flux and its convective component can be measured separately and directly using a water-filled ground calorimet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geothermics 2005-04, Vol.34 (2), p.131-158
Main Authors: Hochstein, Manfred P., Bromley, Christopher J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Calorimetry
Conduction
Convection
Heat-pipe mechanism
Soil thermal conductivity
Steaming ground
Surface heat flux
Thermal manifestations
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Summary:The total thermal flux at the surface of ‘steaming ground’ consists of a convective and a conductive component, even in the absence of any visible steam discharge at the surface. The total flux and its convective component can be measured separately and directly using a water-filled ground calorimeter. The conductive component is given by the difference between the two fluxes, but can also be assessed independently using measured near-surface soil parameters and temperature gradients, retaining the thermal conductivity as parameter. The conductivity is controlled, in turn, by the thermal diffusivity and the specific moisture content of the near-surface layer. The observed total flux values range between 0.03 and 2 kW/m 2 at sites where boiling temperatures occur at depths of about 4 m and
ISSN:0375-6505
1879-3576
DOI:10.1016/j.geothermics.2004.04.002