Efficacy of prophylactic use of intraoperative vancomycin powder in preventing surgical site infection in neurological surgeries in Irrua, Nigeria: A randomized controlled study

• Published in: Journal of clinical neuroscience 2024-03, Vol.121, p.155-160
• Main Authors: Morgan, E., Onuminya, J.E., Osime, C.O., Adebayo, B.O., Ehioghae, O., Adetunmbi, B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Female; Humans; Intra-operative; Male; Middle Aged; Neurological surgery; Nigeria; Powders - therapeutic use; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Surgical site infection; Surgical Wound Infection - epidemiology; Vancomycin - therapeutic use; Vancomycin powder; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0967-5868; 1532-2653
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.02.008

The objective was to determine the efficacy of intraoperative vancomycin powder in preventing SSIs in neurological surgeries. A prospective randomized controlled study of patients who had clean cranial and non-implant spine surgeries at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria from February 1, 2021 to January 31, 2022. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group A patients had prophylactic intraoperative vancomycin powder applied to the surgical bed before wound closure while group B patients did not. Patients in both groups were followed up for 30 days post-operatively for evidence of SSI. The occurrence of SSIs was determined using clinical and laboratory parameters. Baseline characteristics, operative details, rates of wound infection, and microbiological data for each case were recorded. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Scientific Solution (SPSS) version 23 software. Forty–two patients were randomized into 2 groups of 21 patients each. The age range of the patients was 20 to 80 years. The majority of the patients were males (32 out of 42). The mean age of patients in group A was 48.05 ± 17.03 years, while group B had a mean age of 45.95 ± 19.14 years. The mean Body Mass Index of patients in groups A and B were 23.92 ± 5.21 and 23.21 ± 3.99 respectively. Seven out of 21 patients (33.3 %) in the control group ( group B) had superficial SSIs while no patient in the experimental group had SSI, p-value